Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis of Essential Oil from Hyptis Spicigera Leaves
[1]
Uraku A. J., Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[2]
Offor C. E., Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[3]
Itumoh E. J., Department of Chemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[4]
Ukpabi C. E., Department of Chemistry, Abia State Polytechnic, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria.
[5]
Aja P. M., Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[6]
Ebenyi L. N., Department of Biotechnology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[7]
Azi S. O., Department of Medical Laboratory, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
[8]
Emmanuel T. F., Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria.
Hyptis spicigera is a medicinal plant widely used in folkloric medicine of Africa and Asia in treatment of numerous ailments such as wound healing, gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory tract infections, colds, pain, fever, cramps and skin disease among others. The chemical constituent of methanol leaf extract of Hyptis spicigera was determined using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Six major chemical compounds were identified in the methanol leaf extract and they are; hexadecanoic acid (15.19%), 9 - octadecenoic acid (24.68%), octadecenoic acid (7.60%), 5 - hydroxylmethyl heptadecane (11.08%), eicosane aldehyde (30.06%) and octadecyl vinyl ether (11.39%). These relatively diverse chemical compounds may be responsible for the therapeutic potentials of Hyptis spicigera leaf.
Hyptis Spicigera Leaves, GS-MS Analysis, Methanol Extract and Chemical Constituent
[1]
Abirami, P., Rajendran, A (2011). GC-MS determination of bioactive compounds of Indigofera aspalathoides. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 1(4): 126-130.
[2]
Achi, N. K. and Ohaeri, O. C. (2015). GC-MS determination of bioactive constituents of the methanol fractions of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 5(3): 163-172.
[3]
Aja, P. M., Nwachukwu, N., Ibiam, U. A., Igwenyi, I. O., Offor, C. E and Orji, U. O. 2014 .Chemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seeds from Abakaliki, Nigeria, AmericanJournal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics 2 3 :310-321
[4]
Charles, A., Leo-Stanly, A., Joseph, M., Alex, R. V (2011). GC-MS analyses of bioactive components on the bark extract of Alseodaphne semecarpifolia Nees (Lauraceae) Asian Journal of Plant Science Research 1(4):25–32.
[5]
Conti, B., Canale, A., Cioni, P. C., Flamini, G., Rifici, A. (2011). Hyptis and Huptis spicigera (Lamiacea) essential oil: quantitaive analysis, contact toxicity and repellent activity against Sitophilus granaries (L). Journal of Pest Science, 84: 219 - 228
[6]
Duke‟s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database; 2014. Available: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgibin/ duke/ethnobot/
[7]
Gabi, B., Lawal, A. O. and Hauwa, B. S. (2012). Mosquito repellant activity and phytochemical characterization of essential oils from Striga hermonthica, Hyptis spicigera and Ocimum basilicum Leaf Extracts. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 3(2): 43-48.
[8]
Gopalakrishnan, K. and Udayakumar, R. (2014). GC-MS Analysis of Phytocompounds of Leaf and Stem of Marsilea quadrifolia (L.). International Journal of Biochemistry Research and Review, 4(6): 517-526
[9]
Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Paschwwann, C., Ngassoum, M. B. (2000). Investigations of aromatic plants from Cameroon: analysis of the essential oils of flowers of Hyptis spicigera (L) by GC, GC/MS and olfactometry. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 3: 71-77.
[10]
Lambert, J., Arnason, J. T and Philogene, R. J. B (2000). Bruchid control wit traditionally used insecticidal plants, Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans. Insect Science Application, 6:167-170.
[11]
Okwu, E. D. and Ighodaro, U. B., (2010). GC-MS evaluation of bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity of the oil fraction from the leaves of Alstonia boonei De Wild Der Pharma Chemica, 2(1): 261-2.
[12]
Ogunlesi, M., Okiei, W and Osibote, A. E., (2010) Analysis of the essential oil from the leaves of Sesamum radiatum, a potential medication for male infertility factor, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(7): 1060-1067
[13]
Rajeswari, G., Murugan, M and Mohan, V. R (2012). GC - MS analysis of bioactive components of Hugonia mystax L. (Linaceae). Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 3(4): 301-308.
[14]
Zibbu, G., Batra, A (2011). GC-MS analysis of the desert plants of Apocynaceae family: Neriumoleander L. and Thevetia peruviana Schum. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 3(10): 49–62.
[15]
Mahesh, B and Satish, S. (2008). Antimicrobial activity of some important medicinal plant against plant and human pathogens. World Jounal Agricultural Science, 4(S):839– 843.
[16]
Janakiraman, N., Johnson, M., Sahaya, S. S. (2012). GC-MS analysis of bioactive constituents of Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees. (Acanthaceae). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, S46– S49.
[17]
Balamurugan K, Nishanthini A, Mohan VR (2012). GC-MS analysis of Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam whole plant. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, S1289– S1292.
[18]
Nisha K, Darshana M, Madhu G, Bhupendra MK (2011). GC-MS analysis and anti-microbial activity of Psidium guajava (leaves) grown in Malva region of India. International Journal of Drug Development and Research, 3(4):237– 245.
[19]
Ncube NS, Afolayan AJ, Okoh AI (2008). Assessment techniques of antimicrobial properties of natural compounds of plant origin: current methods and future trends. Afr J Biotechnol., 7(12):1797–1806.
[20]
Prafulla, S., Lal, S. (2012). Marsilea quadrifolia linn. A valuable culinary and remedial fern in jaduguda, jharkhand, India. International Journal of Life science & Pharmacological Reasearch., 2(3): 99–104.
[21]
Oyagbemi, A. A., Odetola, A. A. (2010). Hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rats. Pakistain Journal of Biological Science, 13: 164-169.
[22]
Selvamangai G, Bhaskar A (2012). GC-MS Analysis of phytocomponents in the methanlic extract of Eupatorium triplinerve. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. S1329 -S1343.
[23]
Omotosho, A. E, Ezealisiji, K., Mkparu, K. I .(2014). Chemometric profiling of methanolic extract of Cnidiscolus aconitifolius (Euphorbiaceae) using UV-VIS, FTIR and GC-MS techniques. Peak J. Med Plant Res. 2(1):6-12.
[24]
Omotoso, A. E, Eseyin, O. O, Suleiman, M (2014). Phytochemical Analysis of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Euphorbiaceae) leaf with Spectrometric Techniques. Nig J. Pharm. Appl. Sc. Res. 3(1):38-49.
[25]
Sampath, K. S, Rama, K. N (2011). Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical investigation of Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Niicols. Journal of Life, 31(1):17-21.
[26]
Uraku, A. J., Okaka, A. N. C., Ibiam, U. A., Agbafor., K. N., Ajah, P. M., Nweke, F. N (2015). Evaluation of chemical compositions of Ocimum baslicum and Hyptis spicigera leaves. Ebsu Journal of Nature, 1:21-33
[27]
Uraku, A. J., Okaka, A. N. C., Ibiam, U. A., Agbafor, K. N., Obasi, N. A., Ibiam, Ajah, P. M., Obasi, O. U. and Nwalo, F. N. (2015). Antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of Spilanthes uliginosa, Ocimum basilicum (Sweet Basil), Hyptis Spicigera and Cymbopogon citratus on mice exposed to Plasmodium berghei Nk 65. International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, 6(1): 28-36.
