Adsorption of Residual Pollutants in Pre-Treated Brewery Effluents onto Locally Produced Adsorbents: A Comparative Study
[1]
Raphael Terungwa Iwar, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.
[2]
Kola Ogedengbe, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
In the present study, activated carbons were produced from low-cost agricultural residues and characterized. These were; coconut shells carbon (CSC), palm kernel shells carbon (PKC) and a mixture of coconut and palm kernel shells carbon (CCPC). Batch equilibrium experiments were carried out in the laboratory using the adsorbents for the treatment of effluents from a brewery in Makurdi Metropolis, Nigeria. Carbon characteristics ranged between 6.58-7.03%, 0.57-0.65g/cm3, 76.0-93.5%, 928.0-1126.0m2/g, 23.0-33.7% and 192-303mg/g for ash content, bulk density, iodine sorption, specific surface area, carbon yield and methylene blue number respectively. In the batch equilibrium experiments, pollutants removal efficiency increased with increase in carbon dosage, contact time and pH. The highest removal efficiencies were observed at a dosage of 8g/100ml, contact time of 120minutes and pH of 8 for COD, TSS and TDS as well as for CSC, PKC and CCPC. Comparatively, CSC and CCPC performed better than PKC in terms of pollutants removal efficiency and carbon adsorption capacities in the order; CSC > CCPC > PKC.
Activated Carbon, Removal Efficiency, Brewery Effluent, Coconut Shells, Palm Kernel Shells
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