Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
Effect of Dietary Humic Acid Via Drinking Water on the Performance and Egg Quality of Commercial Layers
Current Issue
Volume 3, 2015
Issue 2 (April)
Pages: 26-30   |   Vol. 3, No. 2, April 2015   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 39   Since Aug. 28, 2015 Views: 2507   Since Aug. 28, 2015
Authors
[1]
Rana Yaser Arafat, Poultry Research Institute, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi- 46300, Pakistan.
[2]
Sohail Hassan Khan, Poultry Research Institute, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi- 46300, Pakistan.
[3]
Ghulam Abbas, Poultry Research Institute, Shamsabad, Murree Road, Rawalpindi- 46300, Pakistan.
[4]
Javid Iqbal, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether inclusions of humate into diets of hens during the late laying period increases egg production and improves egg quality. Hy-Line W-98 commercial White Leghorn (n=120), 50wk of age, were fed a control diet, 2.0, 4.0 or 6.0 mg of humic acid per kg live body weight for 65 d. Egg production was measured daily, egg weight and feed intake were measured biweekly. A sample of 30 eggs from each group was collected randomly to determine egg quality every 14d. The results showed that the laying hens that consumed drinking water with humic acid had greater (P ≤ 0.05) egg production, egg weight and egg mass than the control. Similarly, feed conversion improved (P ≤ 0.05) with the administration of humic acid in water. Yolk colour and egg grading from hens consuming humic acid water containing were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved than those from the control group. Formic acid had no effect (P ≥ 0.05) on albumin height and Haugh unit. In addition, the geometric means haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres against Newcastle disease of birds consuming water containing humic acid were higher on all sampling days than those consuming water without acid. This study showed that humic acid at levels of 6.0 mg per kg live body weight positively influences production parameters including reduced mortality and feed conversion efficiency. However, there were no consistent effects on egg quality parameters.
Keywords
Humic Acid, Egg Production, Egg Quality, Immunity
Reference
[1]
AOAC. 2011. Official methods of analytical chemist. 18th ed. Gaithersburg (MA): AOAC International.
[2]
Beardsworth, P.M. Hernandezm, J.M. 2004. Yolk colour – an important egg quality attribute. Int. Poult. Prod. 12(5):17-18.
[3]
Cetin E., Berrin K.G., Nazmi C. 2011. Effect of dietary humate and organic acid supplementation on social stress induced by high stocking density in laying hens. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10(18): 2402-2407.
[4]
Dobrzański Z., Tadeusz T., Eugeniusz H., Józefa K., Przemysław T. 2009. Effect of humic preparations on productivity and quality traits of eggs from green leg partridge hens. Ann. Anim. Sci. 9(2):165–174.
[5]
EMEA. 1999. Humic acids and their sodium salts, summary report. Committee for veterinary medicinal products. Eur. Agency Eval. Med. Prod. http://www.emea.eu.int/pdfs/vet/mrls/055499en.
[6]
Ergin O., Coskun I., Ocak, N., Erener G. 2009. Effects of dietary humic substances on egg production and egg shell quality of hens after peak laying period. African J. Biotechnol. 8(6): 1155-1159.
[7]
Griban V.G., Baranahenko V.A., Kasyan S.S., Verlos S.V. 1991. Use of Hydrohumate (sodium salt of humic acid) for enhancing the natural resistance of cows with subclinical nutritional disorders. Vet. Moskova. 12:54–56.
[8]
Hakan K.B., Gultekin Y., Ozge S. 2012. Effects of boric acid and humate supplementation on performance and egg quality parameters of laying hens. Brazilian J. Poult. Sci. 14(4): 233-304.
[9]
Hayirli A., Esenbuga N., Macit M., Lacin E., Karaoglu M., Karaca H., Yildiz L. 2005. Nutrition practice to alleviate the adverse effects of stress on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality in peak producing hen: I. the humate supplementation. Asian-Austr.J.Anim.Sci. 18:1310-1319.
[10]
Huck J.A., Porter N., Bushed M.E. 1991. Effect of humates on microbial activity. J. Gen. Microbiol., 137: 2321–2329.
[11]
Islam K.M., Schuhmacher S.A., Gropp M.J. 2005. Humic acid substances in animal agriculture. Pakistan J. Nutr. 4: 126–134.
[12]
Islam K.M.S., Schuhmacher, A., Ellenberger C., Schoon H.A., Gropp J.M. 2008. Effect of dietary humic acid on the performance and health status of broiler chicks. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 78: 873-878.
[13]
Karaoglu M., Macit M., Esenbuga N., Durdag H., Turgut L., Bilgin Ö.C. 2004. Effect of supplemental humate at different levels on the growth performance, slaughter and carcass traits of broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 3: 406-410.
[14]
Klocking R., Helbig B., Schotz G., Schacke M., Wutzler P. 2002. Anti-HSV-1 activity of synthetic humic acid-like polymers derived from p-diphenolic starting compounds. Antivi. Chem. Chemother. 13:241–249.
[15]
Kocabag˘li N., Alp M., Acar N., Kahraman R. 2002. The effects of dietary humate supplementation on broiler growth and carcass yield. Poult. Sci. 81:227–230.
[16]
Kucukersan S., Kucukersan K., Colpan I., Goncuoglu E., Reisli Z., Yesilbag D. 2005. The effects of humic acid on egg production and egg traits of laying hen. Vet. Med. – Czech. 50(9): 406–410.
[17]
Ku¨hnert V.M., Bartels K.P., Kro¨ll S., Lange N. 1991. Huminsa¨urehaltige tierarzneimittel in therapie and prophylaxes bei gastrointestinalen erkrankungen von hund undkatze. Monatshefte Vet. 46:4–8.
[18]
Lenk V.T., Benda A. 1989. Torfpaste-ein huminsa¨urehaltiges tiergesundheitspflegemittel zur vorbeuge und behandlung von durchfallerkrankungen der ka¨lber. Monatshefte Vet. 44:563–565.
[19]
Macit M., Saban C., Nurinisa E., Hatice K. 2009. Effects of dietary humate supplementation on performance, egg quality and egg yolk fatty acid composition in layers. J. Scienc. Food Agric. 89(2): 315-319.
[20]
MacCarthy P. 2001. The principles of humic substances. Soil Sci. 166:738–751.
[21]
Mehdi A., Hasan G. 2012. Immune response of broiler chicks fed yeast derived Mannan Oligosaccharides and Humate against Newcastle Disease. World Appl. Sci. J. 18 (6): 779-785.
[22]
Mirnawati Y.R., Marlida Y. 2013. Effects of humic acid addition via drinking water on the performance of broilers fed diets containing fermented and non-fermented palm kernel cake. Archiva Zootech. 16: 41-53.
[23]
National Research Council (NRC). 1994. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. Washington (DC): National Academy Press.
[24]
Özçelik H., Yalçın S. 2004. The usage of L-carnitine and sodium humate in broiler rations. Vet. J. Ankara Univ. 51:63-69. Turkish with English summary.
[25]
Parks C.W. 1998. The use of Menefee HumateTM in typical and low-crude protein diets for turkey toms and in the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil amended with poultry litter as a co-substrate and nutrient source. Master’s Thesis. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
[26]
Rath N.C., Huff W.E., Huff G.R. 2006. Effects of humic acid on broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 85:410–414.
[27]
Riede U.N., Zerk G., Freudenberg N., Keller H.U., Seubert B. 1991. Humate induced activation of human granulocytes. Virchows Archive B. Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology. 60: 27–30.
[28]
Shermer C.L., Maciorowski K.G., Bailey C.A., Byers F.M., Ricke S.C. 1998. Caecal metabolites and microbial populations in chickens consuming diets containing a mined humate compound. J. Sci. Food Agri. 77: 479-486.
[29]
Terratol L.L.C. 2002. Effects of Humic Acid on Animals and Humans. http://www.terratol.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/EffectsofHumicAcidonAnimals and Humans.pdf.
[30]
Thayer S.G., Beard C.W., 1998. Serological procedure. In: A laboratory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens, 4th ed. Pennsylvania (PA): American Association of Avian Pathologist, pp: 255-258.
[31]
Van Rensburg C.E., Dekker J., Weis R., Smith T.L., Van Rensburg E.J., Schneider J. 2002. Investigation of the anti-HIV properties of oxihumate. Chemotherapy, 48:138–143.
[32]
Yörük M.A., Gül M., Hayirli A., Macit M. 2004. The effects of supplementation of humate and probiotic on egg production and quality parameters during the late laying period in hens. Poult. Sci. 83: 84-88.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved