Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity Screening of Three Edible Mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinula edodes Accessible in Bangladesh
[1]
Maafi Rizwana Islam, Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[2]
M. Omar, Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[3]
M. Moyen Uddin PK, Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[4]
Md. Rubel Mia, Department of Biochemistry, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[5]
Kamrunnahar , Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
In this study methanolic extract of dried fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinula edodes were evaluated for their phytochemical analysis. The crucial objectives of this investigation were to check out the relative abundances of the selected eleven phytochemical constituents and preliminary antibacterial activity screening of selected three edible mushrooms. The screening was accomplished for alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phyto-sterols, vitamin-C, coumarins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides and anthocyanin. The color strength or the precipitate formation was used as analytical answers to these tests. Eleven selected phytochemicals were found in fruiting body extracts of Ganoderma lucidum with polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, vit-C, and anthocyanin were in highest concentration category. Excepting polyphenols, Lentinula edodes showed the rest of 10 selected phytochemicals thru vit-C and tannin were in maximum concentration category. Saponins, coumarins, and anthocyanin were absent in fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus while steroids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides were found in uppermost concentration category. The distribution difference of eleven selected phytochemicals in three edible mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus {p > 0.05 (0.965)}, Ganoderma lucidum {p > 0.05 (0.307)} and Lentinula edodes {p > 0.05 (0.484)} were statistically non-significant. Mushroom extracts were also exposed to preliminary antibacterial activity screening by disc diffusion method and found to be active against selected bacterial strains. Fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum was exhibited highest antibacterial activity against both selected gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Stapylococcus aureus) with zones of inhibition ranging from 11 mm to 16 mm. The Pleurotus ostreatus, and Lentinula edodes showed less antibacterial activities with less than 10 mm of inhibition zones. The relative phytochemicals distribution is responsible for its’ biological activities. It is predicted that the phytochemical belongings is acknowledged in our study in the innate medicinal plants of Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinula edodes will be advantageous for clarification and footing of Pharmacognosy outlining of edible mushrooms.
Mushrooms, Medicinal Plants, Statistical Inference, Phytochemicals, Fruiting Bodies
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