Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
A Simplified Solution of the CMB Dipole by the “Expansion Center Model”
Current Issue
Volume 5, 2018
Issue 3 (May)
Pages: 30-37   |   Vol. 5, No. 3, May 2018   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 67   Since Jul. 23, 2018 Views: 1103   Since Jul. 23, 2018
Authors
[1]
Luciano Lorenzi, Italian Astronomical Society, Florence, Italy.
Abstract
ECM paper XXV: The new Hubble law by the “expansion center universe” (ECU), within a range of very low redshifts z, with cz values corrected only for the motion of the Sun in the Local Group (LG), leads to a combined cz-dipole pointing at about 65° from the center VC of the Bahcall & Soneira huge void, towards the same apex A of that CMB dipole2 which results from the observed CMB dipole after subtracting the velocity of the Sun in LG. By normalization, that combined cz-dipole produces a cosmic dipole pointing towards VC and confirming the “expansion center model” (ECM) at 28 mean z-depths, from the very nearby to the deep Universe (cf. paper XXII). The new dipole anisotropy with apex A at a mean redshift 0.0050, when applied to the ECM decelerating universe at very low redshifts z, is able to generate the same velocity as the CMB dipole2, that is a fictitious velocity of about 627 km/s of LG towards the apex A. Indeed LG and all the Local Hubble Flow is running away from and around the huge void, within a cosmic frame centred on the void center VC, with a velocity of about 61200 km/s towards an apex FA, at a galactic longitude of about 103° and a galactic latitude of about -25°. The cosmic mechanics should produce a space or “cosmic medium” (CM) deceleration which gives both an increasing wavelength to the elettromagnetic waves running against the Hubble flow and a decreasing wavelength to those running in the same direction as the Hubble flow. The simplified solution here presented, after the successful tests of the combined cz-dipole at the mean redshifts 0.012 from 1989 G7 data and 0.0046 from 1982 data by Aaronson et al., confirms the revolutionary results presented at EWASS 2016 (cf. papers XXI, XXII, XXIV), that is a likely origin of the CMB radiation at a mean depth of about 21 Mpc, in addition to a cosmic deceleration with a relativistic parameter +2.
Keywords
Cosmology, Huge Void Center, Hubble Flow, Cosmic Medium, Dipole Anisotropy, Deceleration Parameter, CMB Origin
Reference
[1]
Aaronson, M. et al., “A catalog of infrared magnitudes and HI velocity widths for nearby galaxies”, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 50, 1982, pp. 241-262 (AA1).
[2]
Aaronson, M. et al., “A distance scale from the infrared magnitude/HI velocity-width relation…”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 302, 1986, pp. 536-563 (AA2).
[3]
Abell, G. O., Corwin, H. G., Olowin, R. P., ”A catalog of rich clusters of galaxies”, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 70, 1989, pp. 1-138 (ACO).
[4]
Amanullah, R. et al., “Spectra and Hubble Space Telescope light curves of six Type Ia supernovae at 0.511
[5]
Bahcall, N. A., “Large-Scale Structure in the Universe Indicated by Galaxy Clusters”, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 26, 1988, pp. 631-686.
[6]
Bahcall, N. A. & Soneira, R. M., “A ~300Mpc void of rich clusters of galaxies?” The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 262, 1982, pp. 419-423.
[7]
Bahcall, N. A. & Soneira, R. M., “A supercluster catalog”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 277, 1984, pp. 27-37.
[8]
Coles, P. and Lucchin, F., “Cosmology”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1995, p. 93.
[9]
Courteau S. and van den Bergh S., “The solar motion relative to the Local Group”, The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 118, 1999, pp. 337-345.
[10]
Cox, A. N., “Allen Astrophysical Quantities”, 2000, p. 661, AIPn Press-Springer.
[11]
Dirac, P. A. M., “The cosmological constants”, Vol. 139, 1937, p. 323.
[12]
Dirac, P. A. M., “A new basis for cosmology”, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A., Vol. 165, Issue 921, 1938, pp. 199-208.
[13]
Faber, S. M. et al., “Spetroscopy and photometry of elliptical galaxies. VI – Sample selection and data summary”, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 69, 1989, pp. 763-808.
[14]
Hoessel, J. C., Gunn, J. E., Thuan, T. X., “The photometric properties of bright cluster galaxies. I. Absolute magnitudes in 116 nearby Abell clusters”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 241, 1980, pp. 486-492.
[15]
Hoffman, Y., Pomarède, D., Tully, R. B., Courtois, H. M., “The dipole repeller”, arXiv:1702.02483v1 8 Feb 2018, Nature Astronomy, Letters, Vol. 1, 2017, A. n. 36, pp. 1-5.
[16]
Hubble, E. P., “The Realm of the Nebulae”. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1936.
[17]
Knop, R. A. et al., “New constraints on ΩM, Ωʌ and w from an independent set of eleven high-redshifts supernovae observed with HST”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 598, 2003, pp. 102-137.
[18]
Kowalski, M. et al., “Improved cosmological constraints from new, old and combined supernova data sets”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 686, 2008, pp. 749-778.
[19]
Lopez-Corredoira, M. 2017a (private communication).
[20]
Lopez-Corredoira, M., “Tests and problems of the standard model in Cosmology”, arXiv:1701.08720v1 30 Jan 2017.
[21]
Lorenzi, L., “The Hubble expansion and a simple Big Bang hypothesis”, Centro Studi Astronomia - Mondovì, Contributo No. 0, 1989, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1698.8564
[22]
Lorenzi, L., “The huge void of Bahcall & Soneira as a possible great expander”, Centro Studi Astronomia - Mondovì, Contributo No. 1, 1991, www.researchgate.net/profile/Luciano_Lorenzi2
[23]
Lorenzi, L., “A cosmic diplole pointed towards the center of the huge void of Bahcall & Soneira”, Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, Vol. 66, No. 1, 1995, pp. 249-252.
[24]
Lorenzi, L., “Abell test of a modelled Hubble expansion from the Bahcall & Soneira void center”, Astrophysical Letters and Communications, Vol. 33, 1996, pp. 143-152.
[25]
Lorenzi, L., “The expanding Universe from the huge void center: Theory & modelling”, Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, Vol. 71, No. 4, 2000, pp. 1163-1181 (reprinted in MemSAIt, Vol. 74, No. 3, 2003), http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9906290 17 Jun 1999 (paper I).
[26]
Lorenzi, L., “Local solution of a spherical homogeneous and isotropic Universe radially decelerated towards the expansion center: Tests on historic data sets”, Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, Vol. 71, No. 4, 2000, pp. 1183-1197 (reprinted in MemSAIt, Vol. 74, No. 3, 2003), http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9906292 17 June 1999 (paper II).
[27]
Lorenzi, L., “Universe outline by the expansion center model according to Dirac”, Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, Vol. 74, 2003, pp. 480-481 (paper III).
[28]
Lorenzi, L., “The expansion center model as a challenge to cosmology – based on data, results and 3 historical models”, 47th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society – Trieste 2003, http://sait.oat.ts.astro.it/MSAIS/3/POST/Lorenzi_poster.pdf (paper V).
[29]
Lorenzi, L., “Cosmic mechanics of the nearby Universe within the expansion center model with angular momentum conserved”, 52th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society - Teramo 2008, http://terri1.oa-teramo.inaf.it/sait08/slides/I/ecmcm9b.pdf (paper VII).
[30]
Lorenzi, L., “Steps towards the expansion center cosmology”, 53th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society - Pisa 2009, http://astro.df.unipi.it/sait09/presentazioni/AulaMagna/08AM/lorenzi.pdf (paper VIII).
[31]
Lorenzi, L., “The new wedge-shaped Hubble diagram of 398 SCP supernovae according to the expansion center model”, 54th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society – Naples 2010, arXiv:1006.2112v3 17 Jun 2010 (paper IX).
[32]
Lorenzi, L., “A crucial dipole test of the expansion center Universe – based on high-z SCP Union & Union2 supernovae”, 55th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society – Palermo 2011 & European Week ofAstronomy and Space Science – Rome 2012, arXiv:1105.3697v4 20 Sep 2012 (paper XV(X+XII)).
[33]
Lorenzi, L., “Dipole & absolute magnitude analysis of the SCP Union supernovae within the expansion center model”, 55th Annual Meeting of the Italian Astronomical Society – Palermo 2011 & European Week of Astronomy and Space Science – Rome 2012, arXiv:1105.3699v3 20 Sep 2012 (paper XVI(XI+XIII)).
[34]
Lorenzi, L., “A briefing on the expansion center universe”, International Journal of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2014, pp. 1-5 (paper XVII).
[35]
Lorenzi, L., “Big Bang as a big crush?”, International Journal of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2014, pp. 6-10 (paper XIV).
[36]
Lorenzi, L., “A new RFR effect at the mean redshift ≥ 1”, December 2015, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4782.2167 (paper XVIII).
[37]
Lorenzi, L., “RFR z-test on 5 historic surveys: confirming the expansion center model”, December 2015, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1767.5605 (paper XIX).
[38]
Lorenzi, L., “The cosmic dipole of the expansion center universe”, European Week of Astronomy and Space Science – La Laguna, Tenerife, June 2015, www.iac.es/galeria/martinlc/EWASS2015/176.pdf (paper XX).
[39]
Lorenzi, L., “Preliminary solution of the CMB dipole within the ECM rotating Universe: A sample test on the historic G7 survey”, European Week of Astronomy and Space Science – Athens, July 2016, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1896.2164, www.astro.noa.gr/ewass/Site/FilesRepo/131_lorenzi_2016_06_16_10_35_00.pdf (paper XXI).
[40]
Lorenzi, L., “The ECM rotating Universe with CMB dipole solved”, An informal presentation at “Institute de Astrofisica de Canarias”, La Laguna, Tenerife – December 14th, 2016, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.36762.85441/3 (paper XXII).
[41]
Lorenzi, L., “COSMIC DIPOLE: A macroscopic proof of the deceleration of the Hubble flow”, January 2018, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29853.82405/1 (paper XXIII).
[42]
Lorenzi, L., “The Aaronson catalog supports a CMB origin at the mean redshift 0.0050”, January 2018, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13076.60805 (paper XXIV).
[43]
Lucey, J. R. and Carter, D., “Distances to five nearby southern galaxy clusters and the absolute motion of the Local Group”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 235, 1988, pp. 1177-1201.
[44]
Nottale, L., Pecker, J. C., Vigier, J. P. et Yourgrau, W., “La constant de Hubble mise en question”, La Recherce 68, Vol. 7, 1976, pp. 529-540.
[45]
Perlmutter, S. et al., “Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 517, No. 2, 1999, pp. 565-586.
[46]
Rubin, V. C., Ford, W. K. and Rubin, J. S., “A curious distribution of radial velocities of ScI galaxies with 14.0 ≤ m ≤ 15.0”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 183, 1973, L111-L115.
[47]
Sandage, A. & Tammann G. A., “Steps towards the Hubble constant. V. The Hubble constant from nearby galaxies and the regularity of the local velocity field”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 196, 1975, pp. 313-328.
[48]
Sandage, A. & Tammann, G. A., “Steps towards the Hubble constant. VI. The Hubble constant determined from redshifts and magnitudes of remote ScI galaxies: The value of q0”, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 197, 1975, pp. 265-280.
[49]
Suzuki, N. et al., “The Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey: V. Improving the Dark Energy Constraints Above z > 1 and Building an Early Type-Hosted Supernova Sample”, arXiv:1105.3470v1 17 May 2011. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 746, 2012, pp. 85-109.
[50]
Vaucouleurs, G., in “Galaxies and the Universe”, Vol. IX of Stars and Stellar Systems, 1975, p. 598, The University of Chicago Press.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved